The Weald of Kent, Surrey and Sussex
Buxted Park      Buxted  

Books and other documents
PublishedTitle, author and references
1835The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex by Thomas Walker Horsfield, F.S.A.p. 365; p. 367
1859Diary of a Sussex Tradesman [Thomas Turner], a Hundred Years Ago by R. W. Blencowe, Esq., M.A. and M. A. Lower, M.A., F.S.A.p. 202
1870A Compendious History of Sussex - Volume I. by Mark Antony Lower, M.A.p. 93
1904Highways and Byways in Sussex by E.V. Lucas ⇒ p. 298
1927The Sussex Highlands ⇒ p. 53
1929Buxted The Beautiful by K. H. Macdermott ⇒ p. 5; p. 11; p. 21

Historical records

1279 to 1351HistoryBocstedeBuxted The Beautiful
The earliest reference to a lord of the manor of Buxted seems to be that in a Patent Roll of 1279, recording a plain made by Thomas de Marinis that certain evil-doers broke into his park of Bocstede and hunted therein. The next successor mentioned is a member of the same family, Roger Marynes (in 1298), who was succeeded by Thomas Marynes in the following year.
Roger de Marynes became tenant for life of "the manor of Bocstede" (the first recorded use of that title) in 1330.
From 1331, Joane Marynes was tenant for life, but the inheritance was in Isabell of Grovehurst.

1352 to 1523HistoryBocstedeBuxted The Beautiful
Sir Galfredus de Say held it [the manor of Bocstede] in 1352, and it continued in his family for thirty years, when John de Say died seized of this manor in his minority, leaving it to Elizabeth, his sister and heiress. It continued in the de Say family down to 1397 when Sir J. de Clynton [who had married Idonea de Say] held the manor.
William Heron [who had married Elizabeth de Say] was his successor (1403), but the de Clyntons again held it (1432).
Then it passed to the Lewknors, by whom it was sold in 1523 to the Walleys.

30th Oct 1404HistoryBuxted ParkHorsfield's Sussex
William Heron, Lord Say, by his testament bearing date Oct. 30, 1404 (6th Henry IV), appointed Sir Robert Pebelow, Parson of Westbourne, Sir Piers, Vicar of Bourne, feoffees of the Brewose his lands, which fell to Elizabeth Lady Say, his wife, by inheritance, should deliver all those lands unto her next heir, on the Brewose his side, charging them as they could answer at the day of doom, to compleat an hospital which was begun at the church of Buckstead, of six or four poor men at least; and a chantry priest to govern them, the priest to have for his support ten marks, and every poor man five marks per annum.

1427 to 1621HistoryBuxted ParkBill Attwell's records
Buxted Manor was in the hands of the atte Welle family (later to become known as Welles, Wellys or Wells , but never Walleys) from at least 1427 until it eventually passed to Saintmount Wells. Buxted Manor then passed to his brother John who sold it in 1621 to Edward Lindsey (as recorded in the Friends of Sussex Record Office, Autumn 2009, p.10).

1523 to 1620HistoryBocstedeBuxted The Beautiful
It [the manor of Bocstede] was sold to the Walleys, who held possession for 98 years, though it was leased for a time to J. Comber and T. Mychelborne, in 1563.

1620 to 1684HistoryBocstedeBuxted The Beautiful
Richard and Edward Amherst then bought it [the manor of Bocstede] for the sum of £2,500, together with Buxted Place and lands, containing in all 327 acres.
In the next year, 1621, the manor and 160 acres of land were conveyed to Edward Lyndsey; then after his widow's occupation, to Stephen Penkhurst, who leased it to Symon Adams, and in 1652 to J. Marsham for a while. The yearly value of the lands, quit rents, tithes, etc., was stated to be £1,587 in 1649.
Then it was leased in 1679 to J. Pollexfen.
In 1684, Sir J. Marsham had the lease of Buxted Manor.

1711 to 1722HistoryHumphrey Fowle, J.P.BocstedeBuxted The Beautiful
Humphrey Fowle of Rotherfield, a connection by marriage of the Penkhurst family, purchased the manor [of Bocstede] in 1711; he sold it in 1722 to Thomas Medley of Conyborough, Barcombe, who marked his ownership by pulling down the old mansion, which stood on low ground at the end of the lime-tree avenue in the Park, and building the present house on the higher ground nearer the Church.

1722 to 1796Historythe [Buxted] estateBuxted The Beautiful
Through the Medleys the [Buxted] estate passed in succession as follows:-

c 1724Buxstead, Sussex - c 1724Part of the 1 inch to 1 mile map of Sussex produced in 1724 by Richard BudgenBuxstead Place

c 1750HistoryBuxted PlaceHorsfield's Sussex
Buxted Place, the seat of the Earl of Liverpool, is a noble mansion built of brick, and displaying the utmost simplicity of architecture. It was begun about the middle of last century [i.e. c 1750], by Edward Medley, Esq., Barrister at Law, and was finished by his nephew, George Medley, Esq., who, as a wine merchant in Portugal, amassed an immense property; a part of which, however, he lost in the ravges occasioned by the memorable earthquake in Lisbon, in the year 1755.
Settling at Buxted, he for many parliaments represented the borough of Seaford, and afterwards East Grinstead.

29th Dec 1758HistoryBuxted PlaceBuxted The Beautiful
Thomas Turner's Diary
“Fryday, Dec. 29 - Mr. French and I set out for Buxted Place. We were prodigious civilly entertained with some bread and cheese, wine and beer. We was showed the house all over, which undoubtedly is a very fine place built in the modern taste.”

29th Dec 1758Diary entryBuxted PlaceThomas Turner's Diary
"Mr. French and I set out for Buxted Place. We were prodigious civilly entertained with some bread and cheese, wine and beer. We was showed the house all over, which undoubtedly is a very fine place, built in the modern taste. This even a meteor was seen in this neighbourhood, which appeared like a ball of fire falling from the clouds to the earth; it seemed as if it fell about Waldron, leaving a train of sparks behind it as it descended; its bigness was at last about the size of a large ball, tho' at first almost like a moon, and extremely light. I imagine fear and surprise hath exaggerated many of the above circumstances."

1773Buxted PlaceBuxted Place, watercolour (10.7 x 8.2 cm) painted by Samuel Hieronymus GrimmSamuel Hieronymus Grimm, topographical artist© British Library Board - Shelfmark: Additional MS 5671, Item number: f. 102 (no. 195)

1777HistoryParkBuxted The Beautiful
Scottish firs flourish everywhere, growing to a goodly "bigness" in many cases. The kingly avenue of these firs in the Park is one third of a mile long, and contains 244 trees in two double rows, most of them rising to a height of between 100 and 120 feet. They were planted by one John Curd, in 1777.

1785Buxted Place, West FrontBuxted Place, West Front, Buxted by Samuel Hieronymus GrimmSamuel Hieronymus Grimm, topographical artistThe Burrell Collection

1785Thomas Medley of Conyboroughs, Esq., died 1728, aet 84Thomas Medley of Conyboroughs, Esq., died 1728, aet 84, watercolour painted by Samuel Hieronymus GrimmThomas Medley© British Library Board - Shelfmark: Additional MS 5671, Item number: f. 101 (no. 192)

c 1795Buxted, Sussex - c 1795Part of the 1 inch to 1 mile map of Sussex produced in 1795 by William Gardner and Thomas GreamBuxted Place

1796 to 1851HistoryThe [Buxted] estateBuxted The Beautiful
The [Buxted] estate passed to George Medley's niece Julia Shuckburgh nee Evelyn (from 1796 until her death in 1797),
to her husband Sir George Shuckburgh (from 1797 until his death in 1804),
to his daughter Julia Jenkinson nee Shuckburgh (from 1804 until her death in 1814),
and on to her husband Cecil Cope Jenkinson, Earl of Liverpool (from 1814 until his death in 1851).

1798Buxted PlaceBuxted Place, Buxted by Samuel Hieronymus GrimmSamuel Hieronymus Grimm, topographical artistThe Burrell Collection

c 1825Buxted, Sussex - c 1825Part of the 1 inch to 1 mile map of Sussex produced in 1825 by Christopher and John GreenwoodBuxted Place

1833Liverpool, The Earl ofThe Honourable Charles Cecil Cope JenkinsonBuxted ParkPigot's Directory

c 1836HistoryBuxted PlaceBuxted The Beautiful
When the Earl of Liverpool was at Buxted Place he wished to remove the village elsewhere, so as to enlarge the park and render it more secluded. He accordingly offered to build new houses for the inhabitants anywhere in the parish they wished, if they would move, but the people refused, and stayed where they were. Lord Liverpool then declined to do any repairs to the property, and in course of time the houses fell into decay and became uninhabitable. The tenants had to move then, and the remains of the old village were swept away entirely. This was about 1836. Tradition has it that the Earl wished to remove the church as well, but public opinion was too strong for that vandalism, and the church [St Margaret's] stands to-day in its splendid isolation.

1839Liverpool, Rt. Hon., Earl ofThe Honourable Charles Cecil Cope JenkinsonBuxted ParkPigot's Directory

6th Jun 1841CensusJane Wilson, F, Head, age 20 to 24; occupation ServantJane WilsonBuxted Park1841 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Ann Cooke, F, age 20 to 24, occupation: servantAnn Cooke
Charles Welch, M, age 45 to 49; occupation ServantCharles Welch

6th Jun 1841CensusCatherine Aspital, F, Head, age 25 to 29; occupation servantCatherine Aspital, servantBuxted Park1841 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Mary Daw, F, age 40 to 44; occupation: washerwomanMary Daw

6th Jun 1841CensusGeorge Compton, M, Head, age 20 to 24, occupation: gardenerGeorge Compton, gardenerBuxted Park1841 Census
Buxted, Sussex

6th Jun 1841CensusGeorge Heaver, M, Head, age 31, born Sussex; occupation: millerGeorge Heaver, millerBuxted Park1841 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Martha Heaver, F, [Wife], age 28, born SussexMartha Heaver
Caroline Heaver, F, [Daughter], age 6, born SussexCaroline Heaver
Emma Heaver, F, [Daughter], age 4, born SussexEmma Martha Heaver
Ann Heaver, F, [Daughter], age 3, born SussexAnn Elizabeth Heaver
Henry Heaver, M, [Son], age 1, born SussexHenry Heaver
William Marten, M, age 21, born Sussex; occupation: servantWilliam Marten
Ellen Elliker, F, age 14, born Sussex; occupation: servantEllen Elliker

c 1845HistoryBuxted PlaceBuxted The Beautiful
Queen Victoria and Prince Albert stayed at Buxted Place about 1845, when the Earl of Liverpool lived there.

1851Liverpool, Rt. Hon., EarlThe Honourable Charles Cecil Cope JenkinsonBuxted PlacePost Office Directory

30th Mar 1851CensusHead; occupation: park & game keeperRichard Markwick, carpenter and gamekeeperPark1851 Census
Buxted, Sussex
WifeSarah Markwick [Marshall]
DaughterSarah Ann Markwick
Son; occupation: carpenter journeymanThomas Markwick
DaughterEmily Markwick

30th Mar 1851CensusHead; widowed; occupation: peerThe Honourable Charles Cecil Cope JenkinsonBuxted Park1851 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Servant; widowed; occupation BUTLERJames Roast
Servant; occupation UNDER BUTLERJoshua Wardle
Servant, occupation: footmanHenry Cooper
Servant; occupation FOOTMANHenry Warren
Servant; widowed; occupation COACHMANJames Patterson
Servant, occupation: coachmanZachariah Chandler
Servant; occupation: groomGeorge Hawes
Servant; occupation GROOMJohn Wickmore
Servant; widowed; occupation: housekeeperMary Johnson
Servant; occupation HOUSEMAIDCaroline Peston
Servant; occupation: housemaidAmy Jones
Servant; occupation: stillroom maidJane Heylar
Servant, occupation: cookCharles Buck
Servant; occupation: kitchenmaidSophia May
Servant; occupation: scullery maidRhoda Eckworth
Servant; occupation LAUNDRY MAIDElizabeth Wood
Servant; occupation LAUNDRY MAIDGeorgianna Perren
Servant; occupation: dairy maidSusan Mansfield

30th Mar 1851CensusHead, occupation: gardenerGeorge Compton, gardenerBuxted Park Gardens1851 Census
Buxted, Sussex

1851 to 1929HistoryThe [Buxted] estateBuxted The Beautiful
The [Buxted] estate passed to Cecil Cope Jenkinson's eldest daughter Lady Catherine Harcourt nee Jenkinson (from 1851 until her death in 1877),
to her husband Colonel Francis Harcourt (from 1877 until his death in 1880),
to Cecil Cope Jenkinson's granddaughter Mary Portman nee Fitzwilliam (from 1880 until 1899),
then to her son The Honourable Henry Berkeley Portman (from 1899 until he died in 1923),
and then to his brother The Honourable Claud Berkeley Portman (from 1923 until he died in 1929).

1867Directory entryHarcourt Col. J.P., Buxted parkColonel Francis Vernon HarcourtBuxted parkPost Office Directory
Buxted Place and park, now the seat of Col. Harcourt, J.P., was put into complete repair by the late proprietor

1867Directory entryAshby Wm., farm bailiff to Col. Harcourt, Buxted parkBuxted parkPost Office Directory

1870HistoryBuxted PlaceLower's Sussex
Buxted Place held by Colonel Harcourt

1874Directory entryHarcourt Col. Francis Vernon, J.P., Buxted parkColonel Francis Vernon HarcourtBuxted parkPost Office Directory
Buxted Park is now the seat of Col. Francis Vernon Harcourt, J.P. Over the porch of Hog House, on the Buxted Park estate, is a casting of a hog, bearing date 1581; the first cannon cast in England are stated to have been cast near this spot, by Mr. Hogg, the then proprietor; the roof of the porch is also of iron

c 1875Buxted, Sussex - c 1875Part of the 6 inch to 1 mile map of Sussex produced in 1875 by Ordnance SurveyBuxted Park

3rd Apr 1881CensusThomas Saunders, M, Head, single, age 29, born Worcestershire; occupation: gardenerThomas Saunders, gardenerPark Gardens1881 Census
Buxted, Sussex

3rd Apr 1881CensusJames Wearing, M, Head, single, age 21, born Gloucestershire; occupation GardenerJames WearingPark Gardens1881 Census
Buxted, Sussex

3rd Apr 1881CensusJohn Duplock, M, Head, married, age 38, born Buxted; occupation: labourerJohn Duplock, labourerLodge House1881 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Mary J. Duplock, F, Wife, married, age 35, born BuxtedMary Jane Duplock [Bishop]

3rd Apr 1881CensusFrances Palmer, F, Housekeeper (Head), single, age 59, born Rutland; occupation HousekeeperFrances PalmerBuxted Park1881 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Jane Morris, F, Servant, single, age 30; occupation: domestic servantJane Morris
Kate Randall, F, Servant, single, age 23, born Hampshire; occupation Domestic servantKate Randall
Edward Collins, M, Lodger, married, age 46, born Mayfield, occupation: cowmanEdward Collins

3rd Apr 1881CensusJoseph Miller, M, Head, married, age 37, born Buxted; occupation: bricklayer journeymanJoseph MillerLodge House1881 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Ruth Miller, F, Wife, married, age 39, born MaresfieldRuth Miller
James Miller, M, Son, age 14, born Maresfield; occupation: bricklayer's labourerJames Miller
Ruth Miller, F, Daughter, age 12, born Maresfield; occupation: scholarRuth Miller
Chase Miller, F, Daughter, age 10, born Buxted; occupation: scholarChase Miller
Flora Miller, F, Daughter, age 9, born Buxted; occupation: scholarFlora Miller
Luther Miller, M, Son, age 6, born Buxted; occupation: scholarLuther Miller
Joseph Miller, M, Son, age 5, born Buxted; occupation: scholarJoseph Miller
Ernest Miller, M, Son, age 3, born BuxtedErnest Miller
Rowland Miller, M, Son, age 1, born BuxtedRowland Miller

1882Directory entryDeacon Edmund, Buxted parkBuxted parkKelly's Directory
Buxted Park, the seat of Edmund Deacon esq., is a massive brick structure, in the midst of a well-stocked deer park of about 300 acres. Over the porch of Hog House, on the Buxted Park estate, is a casting of a hog, bearing date 1581 ; the first cannon cast in England are stated to have been cast near this spot by Mr. Hogg, the then proprietor ; the roof of the porch is also of iron

1888Directory entryDeacon, Mrs, Buxted houseBuxted houseBrooker's Guide

1888Directory entryPortman, The Hon. W. H. B., Buxted parkBuxted parkBrooker's Guide

1888Directory entryAllen, John, butler to Mrs Deacon, Buxted houseBuxted houseBrooker's Guide

1888Directory entryReed, William, coachman, The Stables, Buxted parkThe Stables, Buxted parkBrooker's Guide

1888Directory entryWatson, John, park keeper, Buxted park lodgeBuxted park lodgeBrooker's Guide

5th Apr 1891CensusGeo Fred White, M, Head, married, age 74, born Norwood, Surrey; occupation Living on own meansGeo Fred WhiteBuxted Park1891 Census
Buxted, Sussex
Katharine White, F, Wife, married, age 54, born DublinKatharine White
Annie Rose White, F, Daughter, single, age 44, born Millbank, Westminster, LondonAnnie Rose White
John Hatcher, M, Guest, single, age 65, born DublinJohn Hatcher
Sarah Hawks, F, Servant, single, age 48, born Kirkhall, Norfolk; occupation: housekeeperSarah Hawks
Lilla Durrant, F, Servant, single, age 18, born Uckfield, Sussex; occupation: upper housemaidLilla Durrant
Sarah Ann Girling, F, Servant, single, age 28, born Kepingland, Suffolk; occupation: housemaidSarah Ann Girling
Annette Davey, F, Servant, single, age 24, born Burnham, Essex; occupation: cookAnnette Davey
Eli Lynch, M, Servant, married, age 28, born Dulveston, Somerset; occupation: butlerEli Lynch
Frederick Underwood, M, Servant, married, age 24, born Hallen, Worcestershire; occupation FootmanFrederick Underwood
Geo Yeoman, M, Servant, married, age 26, born Winchfield, Hampshire; occupation GroomGeo Yeoman

1902Buxted Park HouseBuxted Park House, Buxted photographed by Francis Frith
The Francis Frith Web Site The Frith archive was founded by Francis Frith, the pioneer Victorian photographer, in 1860 and today contains over 365,000 photographs of some 7,000 towns and villages throughout Britain. Taken between 1860 and 1970 these form a topographical record of Britain without equal and is recognised as probably the only photographic collection of national importance in private hands in Britain today.

The importance of the Frith archive is as a topographical and social record. It provides an amazingly detailed visual record of over 7,000 towns and villages, as well as illustrating the enormous social and structural changes which have taken place in Britain since 1860. Whilst some of the photographs are undoubtedly artistically outstanding, the real value of the archive lies in its scale. There is no other archive which can illustrate this period of British history so extensively or to such a high quality.

1906Views Wood, leading to Buxted ParkViews Wood, leading to Buxted Park, BuxtedPrivate collection

1907Buxted ParkBuxted Park, BuxtedPrivate collection

1913Buxted ParkBuxted Park, BuxtedPrivate collection

1914The Avenue, Buxted ParkThe Avenue, Buxted Park, BuxtedPrivate collection

1930Buxted ParkBuxted ParkPrivate collection

1930One of the Drives, Buxted Park EstateOne of the Drives, Buxted Park EstatePrivate collection

1930Entrance Front from the Avenue, Buxted ParkEntrance Front from the Avenue, Buxted ParkPrivate collection

1930The South Front, Buxted ParkThe South Front, Buxted ParkPrivate collection

1930In the Grounds, Buxted Park EstateIn the Grounds, Buxted Park EstatePrivate collection

1930View from the Terrace, Buxted Park EstateView from the Terrace, Buxted Park EstatePrivate collection

1930Cottage in the ParkCottage in the Park, BuxtedPrivate collection

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